Traces History of Vietnamese Refugees Anambas Island

Anambas-Anambas District in Riau Islands, precisely in the district to witness the history of Indonesia Jemaja districts provide humanitarian space to the exodus of Vietnamese refugees in Southeast Asia during the country's raging civil war.
Historical evidence to the exodus of Vietnamese Anambas island, due to the Vietnam War that occurred in 1957 to 1975 still stored neatly on the island Jemaja districts, Anambas. Nails are specialized in the village adjacent to the Blue Water Village, there are a number of graves and tombstones Vietnamese heritage building society had settled in these islands.
Vietnam War, also called the second Indochina war, is a great ideology, the Communists and Liberals. Two warring camps is the Republic of Vietnam (South Vietnam) and the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (North Vietnam). United States, South Korea, Thailand, Australia, New Zealand and the Philippines are allies of South Vietnam, while the USSR (Russia) and China (China) supported the North Vietnam which is a communist country.
This war which resulted in a massive exodus of Vietnamese nationals to other countries, especially the United States, Australia and other Western countries. In these countries, can be found a fairly large Vietnamese community.
Outside the country, some countries in Southeast Asia, including Indonesia, are also part of their eksedus purpose. And in Indonesia, a number of islands in the Riau Islands, one of the island Jemaja districts, became the destination of Vietnamese nationals to set up his residence.
Henceforth, the refugees are also accommodated on Galang Island near Batam from 1975 to 1996 the number of refugees reached 250,000 inhabitants. The Government of Indonesia provides the location of an area of ​​18 hectares to accommodate refugees, and UNHCR facilitated the United Nations.
Chairman of the NGO Tuah nation, Omri, telling, historic heritage trail Vietnamese community settlement in Kampung Tua, precisely in the Village Nails are still stored. They came around in 1974, using hundreds of boats boat from Vietnam to Jemaja districts
"There are about 24 thousand people who migrated to the island Jemaja districts" he explained.
Omri said, At that time the 26-year-old Omri, when the Vietnamese people came to Jemaja districts. And without seeing a sense of family, strangers, tribal and religious leaders, community residents Jemaja districts welcomed the direct presence of the exodus.
In Jemaja districts, he added, the Vietnamese people, quite a long time. From 1974 until 1992. And after the Vietnam War ended, the new Vietnamese government Dial a return of its citizens, to go back to my hometown.
"This is history that can not be forgotten Vietnam against the Indonesian people, especially people Jemaja districts. Because, there are some people of Vietnam, which then settle down by marrying someone Jemaja districts. Partly, there are also choosing to live in Barelang, Batam, to build a new life, "he said.
Omri added, in a long journey from Vietnam to the Jemaja districts, many are ill and later died in Jemaja districts. There is evidence of the burial of hundreds of Vietnamese people who were buried in Jemaja districts.
And now, Jemaja districts, much visited by foreign tourists, especially the Vietnamese, to see their family tomb. Among them, some do have a history because it was born and raised in Jemaja districts.
Therefore, Omri asked that records the history of the old cemetery and the former colony of Vietnam, can be preserved and maintained the local government, by making peace monument.
"There is an important historical record of the world about peace in Jemaja districts for indigenous people openly accepting refugees from Vietnam. This should be a monument sign made, "pleaded Omri hoping the government would care about that history.

BATAM ISLAND HISTORY

BATAM ISLAND HISTORY

Batam is one of the islands lying between waters of the Straits of Malacca and Singapore Straits. There is no literature that can be a reference and where the name was taken Batam, Batam Island which obviously is a big island and there are 329 islands in the area of ​​Batam. The only source which clearly states the name of Batam and can still be found until the noodles are the Treaty of London (1824). Native population is estimated Batam Malays are the people known as The Straits or Sea People. This population has occupied at least since the time of the kingdom Tumasik (now Singapore) in the end  1300 or the beginning of the 14th century. In fact, and other records, the possibility of Batam Island has been inhabited by a sea of ​​people since the year 231 AD that at the time of Singapore called Pulau Ujung. In its heyday the kingdom of Malacca, Batam Island under the authority of Admiral Hang Tuah. After the fall of Malacca, Pulau Batam authority over areas held by the Admiral Hang Nadim based in Bentan (now P. Bintan). When Hang Nadim met his end, the island is under the authority of the Sultan of Johor until the mid ke.18 century. With the presence of royalty in the Riau office of Linga and the formation of his lordship Muda of Riau, the island of Batam and other islands under the authority of his lordship Muda of Riau, until the end Riau Malay kingdom in 1911.
In the 18th century, the rivalry between England and the Netherlands very sharply in an effort to control trade in the waters of the Straits of Melaka. Singapore Airport which advanced rapidly, causing the Dutch tried in various ways over trade and other trading wither through there. This resulted in many traders who clandestinely infiltrated into Singapore. Batam Island near Singapore, is very useful for traders to take cover and disturbance Dutch patrol. In the 18th century, Lord Minto and Raffles and the British empire did Barter with the Dutch government that the island of Batam Island which is a twin with Singapore handed over to the Dutch government.
 
 
 
BATAM CITY BACKGROUND
Historically, the development of Batam Island can be seen in three different periods ie the period of the past, the period of colonial occupation and the period of globalization. Batam island development originally came from the Government of the Sultanate is now mingled with the Republic of Singapore and Malaysia kingdom which adopts a moderate advance.
The history of the island of Batam can be traced when first Nations Mongolian and Indo-Aryans moved and settled in the Malay empire around 1000 AD or before the Islamic kingdom of Malacca and Bintan appear as well as the arrival of European Colonial Rule, initiated by the Portuguese, Dutch and English. Since 1513 AD, the island of Batam and Singapore turned to part of the sultanate of Johor. Residents of the island of Batam itself comes from the Malay or better known as the person or persons Strait Sea. They occupied the region since the days of empire dipenghujung Temasek or at least the year 1300 AD (early 14th century). Other references mentioned, the island of Batam has been inhabited since 231 AD Sea
When Singapore was named Temasek which is surrounded by waters, this area has been used as a trade center controlled by the host Waterford (leader region).

Source: Modified from original map by BAPPEKO Batam (1995-1998), Syamsul Bahrum Indigenous People In a Dependent Economy

As a result of rapid trading makes the Malay kingdom of Johor, Penyengat and Linga / Daik be strong and expanding their territory to the Malacca Straits region. Not only that, the eastern part of Sumatera island also become part of their power. until finally came the Dutch and the British in 1824 AD, which later took over the reins of power as well as a colony and emerged a new political understanding.In the 19th century, the rivalry between England and the Netherlands very sharply in an effort to control trade in the waters of the Strait of Malacca. Bandar Singapore also advanced rapidly, resulting in Holland with a variety of ways to control illegal trade Malays and other activities that pass through the area. There was a hidden intrusion dilkukan by traders in Singapore. this is very beneficial Batam island near Singapore as a place to hide from the Dutch patrol disorders.On March 17, 1824, Baron Fagel British Government of the Netherlands signed the treaty of London (Anglo-Deutch Tractate contains: The Netherlands claimed the British position in the Malacca and Singapore, while it Bencoolen (Bengkulu, Sumatra) to power the Netherlands as well as mastering kepuluan Riau).After the Riau Malay kingdom centered in Linga separated from Johor, the Sultan holds the lordship of dividing the area of ​​government administration in the Linga-Riau Malay kingdom into three parts. That is the power of the Sultan in Daik Linga, his lordship Young in Penyengat and Tumenggung in headdress. Third region into one unified whole in running the government. but in general who became a central point in running the government in the royal Malay Young held his lordship based in Penyengat.Batam own time, is the territory Tumenggung, the first in the headdress Tumenggung degree Tengku Besar. While the latter is Tumenggung, Tumenggung Abdul Jamal. As the center of power and that run the wheels of government, in 1898, his lordship based in Penyengat Young, issued a letter addressed to Raja Ali Kelana with a brother to manage the island of Batam. provision that letter, Raja Ali Kelana then develop their business on the island of Batam. Slaah only establish a brick factory.In 1965 Temasek melepaskna themselves from the Federation of Malaysia (1963-1965) to become a free country Singapore. At the beginning of Indonesia's independence in 1945 until 1957, Tanjung Pinang has been named as the center of government and business in the eastern part of Sumatra. Tanjung Pinang later established as the capital of Riau province which is then followed by Pekanbaru is located in Sumatra. Since that time, officially became the capital of Tanjung Pinang in Riau Kepuluan District surrounding 17 districts including the island of Batam.For the long term, there is no other island in relative can develop like Batam Island that continues to experience very rapid development. Though hereditary, Rear major cities of Padang and Batam is just a place that is only used as a second destination after Rear Padang. Reed Island in 1957 into a single unit with the islands of Batam and became part of Rear Padang circa 1965. While in 1971, with Presidential Decree No. 74/1971, the central government officially announced that the island of Batam as an industrial zone.
Batam Island which is part of Riau province has many value-added. With a capital of international shipping lines and the distance from Singapore's state is only 12.5 nautical miles or about 20 km, then to spur development in the archipelago of all aspects of life, especially in the economic field, the Government of Indonesia to develop Batam Island to the Authority the development of Batam Island Industrial Area (OPDIPB .)

Source: Modified from original map by BAPPEKO Batam (1995-1998), Syamsul Bahrum Indigenous People In a Dependent Economy, 2003

Penyengat Island

1. Penyengat Island

Penyengat Island or Island Penyengat designation Inderasakti in historical sources, is a small island located approximately 6 km from the town of Tanjung Pinang, Riau Islands Province of central government. This island measuring approximately 2,500 meters x 750 meters, and is approximately 35 km from the island of Batam. This island can be addressed by using a boat, or better known bot bot pompong. By using a bot pompong, requiring travel time approximately 15 minutes.

Penyengat Island is one of the attractions in the Riau Islands. One of the objects that we can see is the Grand Mosque of Sultan Riau made ​​from egg whites, the tombs of the king, the tomb of the national hero Raja Ali Haji, the Palace complex and the Office of the fortress on Mount Seat.

In the 18th century, Raja Haji to build a fort on the island Penyengat, the fort was precisely located on the Mount Seat, there was placed some cannon as the base defense Bintan He mastered the wife of King Hamida year 1804. Her son then ruled the Riau islands of Pulau Penyengat. Meanwhile, his brother reigned on the island of Linga in the south and founded the Linga-Riau Sultanate.

 Palace Complex Office as objects of tourism on the island Penyengat

Engku Princess Tomb of King Hamida (d. 12/07/1844)

The tomb of the kings (King Ja'afar and Raja Ali Marhum Office) situated in the middle of the island Penyengat
  

Masjid Sultan Riau on the island highway Penyengat

Welcome to Island Penyengat

Sultanate of Riau-Linga

Sultanate of Riau-Linga is the Islamic empire centered Linga Archipelago which is a fraction of the Sultanate of Johor. The Sultanate was established by agreement between Britain and the Netherlands in 1824 by Sultan Abdul Rahman Muadzam Shah as the first sultan. The Sultanate was abolished by the Dutch colonial government on February 3, 1911.

Sultanate of Riau-Lingga Area includes the modern provinces of Riau Islands, but not including Riau province dominated by the Sultanate of Siak, who previously had separated themselves from the Johor-Riau.

Empire has an important role in the development of Malay language to be a shape now as the Indonesian language. During this Malay sultanate became the standard language parallel to other major languages ​​in the world, rich with literary and monolingual dictionaries. Major figure behind the rapid development of the Malay language was Raja Ali Haji, a poet and historian of the Malay-Bugis descent.

History

Riau-Ling was originally a part of the Malacca Sultanate, and later the Sultanate of Johor-Riau. In 1811 Sultan Mahmud Shah III died. At that time, the eldest son, Tengku Hussain was a wedding in Pahang. According to the customary court, a person can only be king prince Sultan if he is next to the Sultan when it dies. In a dispute arising out of Britain to support the oldest son, Husayn, while the Dutch support his half brother, Abdul Rahman. Treaty of London in 1824 dividing the Sultanate of Johor into two: Johor was under the influence of Britain while the Riau-Ling was in the Dutch influence. Abdul Rahman passed into the King of Riau -Ling with the title of Sultan Abdul Rahman Muadzam Shah, and based in Daik, Linga Archipelago.

Hussain Sultan who supported Britain in its capital initially in Singapore, but later his son Sultan Ali handed over power to Tumenggung Johor, who later founded the modern Johor sultanate.

On October 7, 1857 Dutch East Indies government dropped Sultan Mahmud IV from the throne. At that time the Sultan was in Singapore. As his successor was appointed his uncle, who became king with the title of Sultan Sulaiman Shah Alam II Badarul. Position the young king (his lordship Young), which is usually held by noble Bugis descent united with the position of king by Sultan Abdul Rahman II Muadzam Shah in 1899. Not wanting to sign a contract that limits the power of Sultan Abdul Rahman II left Penyengat Island and moved to Singapore. Government of the Netherlands East Indies dropped Sultan Abdul Rahman II in absentee February 3, 1911, and formally direct rule in 1913.

Riau Islands

Riau Islands

     Anambas
     Badas Islands
     Karimun Islands
     Linga Archipelago
     Natuna Islands
     Great Natuna Islands
     South Natuna Islands
     Riau Islands
     Tambelan Islands
     Abang Island
     Abang Besar Island
     Bakong Island or Island Hyacinths
     Batam Island
     Trunk Island
     Stone Island Berhanti
     Splint Island
     Benuwa Island or the Island Continent
     Bintan Island
     Crocodile Island
     Bugi Island
     Moon Island
     Bunguran Island
     Buru Island
     Pulau Damar
     Combol Island
     Island of densely packed
     Galang Island
     Iyu Small Island
     Jemaja districts Island
     Karimun Island
     Small Island or Pulau Karimun Karimun Children
     Clear Coconut Island
     Head Island
     Pulau Kundur
     Lagong Island
     Pulau Lalang
     Sea Island
     Linga Island
     Mangkai Island
     Mapor Island
     Matak Island
     Mendarik Island
     Mesawak Island
     Midai Island
     Mubur Island
     Murih Island
     Pineapple Island
     Nipa Island or Pulau Nipah
     Nongsa Island
     Long Island
     Island Board
     Dyke Island
     Island Stud
     Pelampong Island
     Pengibu Island
     Penyengat Island
     Pulau Pinang Seribu
     Posik Island
     Raiba Island
     Rempang Island
     Pulau Sambu
     Sebangka Island
     Actually Island
     Sekatung Island
     Selayar Island
     Semiun Island
     Sentut Island
     Senua Island
     Hoarse Island
     Island Feeling
     Singkep Island
     Subi Island
     Small Subi Island
     Tambelan Pulau Besar
     Tarempa Island or Island Tarempah
     Temiyang Island or Island Temiang
     Timau Island
     Island Yachting Tokong
     Tokong Island Iyu
     Malang Tokong Blue Island
     Tokong Island Pineapple
     Tokong Island Pyramid
     Tokongboro Island
     Uwi Island

How personality and the situation affect self-control

Self-control is not just affected by how we are thinking at a specific moment, that would be too easy. We have each developed different amounts of self-control. Some people seem to find it easy to resist temptation while others can be relied on to always yield to self-gratification. To a certain extent we have to accept our starting point on the self-control sliding scale and do the best we can with it.
Although a few people have very high (or very low) levels of self-control, two-thirds of us lie somewhere near the middle: sometimes finding it easy to resist temptation, other times not. Naturally the exact situation has a huge effect on how much self-control we can exert. One property of different situations central to self-control that psychologists have examined is 'psychological distance'.
Research reveals that people find it much easier to make decisions that demonstrate self-control when they are thinking about events that are distant in time, for example how much exercise they will do next week or what they will eat tomorrow . Similarly they make much more disciplined decisions on behalf of other people than they do for themselves. People implicitly follow the maxim: do what I say, not what I do.
It's not hard to see the convergence between the idea of 'psychological distance' and high-level construal. Both emphasise the idea that the more psychological or conceptual distance we can put between ourselves and the particular decision or event, the more we are able to think about it in an abstract way, and therefore the more self-control we can exert. It's all about developing a special type of objectivity.

I have been lived in Batam for eight years,,,,,,,,,,,,I had ever worked for some company in Batam that located in Batamindo Industrial Park,,,,,,,,,I came here in 2003. I work and study for several years in this city. And now I am  a teacher in the oldest school in this city. I love Batam so much. Many opinions come from different person, I still remember when someone told me the meaning of Batam. Batam is Bila Anda TIba Anda Menang, and I think it's true. Why do I say so? Yeah I think I win coz I still in Batam. I never think to go back to my hometown.  I have been falling in love with Batam. Oh, Batam, you are so beautiful, amazing, you are everything. Batam gives me so many friends from different race, religion. Batam you are blessed. :)

MY LOVELY CITY BATAM

       Batam City is the largest city in the province of Riau Islands and is the third largest city population in Sumatra after Medan and Palembang, with a population reaching 949 775 inhabitants. Metropolitan Batam consists of three islands, namely Batam, Galang Rempang and connected by bridge Barelang. Batam is a city with a very strategic location. In addition to being on international cruise lines, the city has a short distance away with Singapore and Malaysia. Batam is one of the fastest growing cities in Indonesia. When built in the early 1970s the city was only occupied by about 6,000 inhabitants and the population within 40 years Batam grow up to 170-fold. Batam Island was first inhabited by the Malay people as the strait since the year 231 AD. The island that had become the terrain of struggle Admiral Hang Nadim in the fight against these invaders used by the government in the decade of the 1960s as a petroleum logistics base on the island of Sambu. In the decade of the 1970s, with the initial goal to make Singapore its Batam Indonesia, according to Presidential Decree number 41 of 1973, Batam Island designated as an industrial area with the working environment supported by the Industrial Development Authority Batam Island or better known as the Batam Industrial Development Authority Board (BOB) as driving the development of Batam.
       As the rapid development of Batam Island, in the decade of the 1980s, according to Government Regulation No. 34 year 1983, districts that are part of Batam Islands regency, Riau, Batam Municipality upgraded to a task in running the administration of government and society and development undertaken mendudukung Batam Authority. In the era of reform at the end of the decade of the 1990s, by Act number 53 of 1999, the Municipality of Batam administrative change its status to autonomous regions, namely the Government of Batam for the functioning of government and development by involving the Batam Authority Board. Cities that are part of this Province, has an area of ​​land covering an area of ​​715 km ² or about 115% of the territory of Singapore, while the total area reached 1570.35 km ². Batam City has a tropical climate with average temperatures 26 to 34 degrees celsius. The city has a hilly terrain and berlembah. The land of red soil is less fertile.The limits of Batam: Northern Strait of Singapore and Malaysia, District South Linga, Karimun Regency West, East of Bintan Island and Tanjung Pinang.
      Society of Batam is a heterogeneous society composed of various tribes and factions. The dominant tribes, among others, Malay, Minangkabau, Batak, Javanese, and Chinese. With Malay have smth. As an umbrella and upholds Unity in Diversity, Batam be conducive to moving economic activity, social politics and culture in society. Until August 2010, Batam has a population of 949,775 people and has a population growth rate is very high. In the period of 2001 through 2010 population growth rates average nearly 10 percent per year. Islam is the religion of the majority in Batam. Masjid Raya Batam is located in the center of town, adjacent to the square, the mayor's office and the DPRD office became a religious symbol Batam community. Christianity and Catholicism are also shared by many people of Batam, mainly originating from the Batak ethnic group and Flores. Buddhism is mostly held by Chinese citizens. Batam has the Vihara who reputedly the largest in Southeast Asia, namely Vihara Duta Maitreya.       Indonesian is used as the language of instruction daily. Regional languages ​​are also used by people from other areas, such as Bahasa Minang, Batak language, and Java language. It so happens because the island is where the various tribes met.  One of the shopping center of Batam City Square (BCS) malls in Batam city Public bus in Batam Centre. Batam's economic growth is higher than the national rate of economic growth makes the region's mainstay for the driver of economic growth nationally and the Riau Islands Province. Various sectors of economic drivers include communications sector, electricity sector, water and gas, banking sector, industrial sector and over the ship, trade and services sector is the economic pulse batam city that not only is the consumption of Batam and Indonesia but is also a commodity exports to other countries . The existence of economic activities in the city is also in the context of increasing jobs and prosperity.
        Batam City Government as an executive development Batam together with the House of Representatives of the area of ​​Batam and Batam Authority's participation in continuing development, is committed in promoting investment and economic growth of Batam, this is evidenced by the memorandum of understanding these three agencies, which then expected creation of a sustainable development of Batam. Batam, Bintan and Karimun along with now has the status of Special Economic Zones (KEK). With this expected to increase the investment in Batam, which in turn is intended to improve the welfare of the community.